ASTM A409 Welded Large Diameter Steel Pipe is produced by electric-fusion-welded automatic welding of a continuous plate or strip of stainless steel, straight seam or spiral seam, light-wall, austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. The sizes of ASTM A409 Welded Large Diameter Steel Pipe covered shall include NPS 14 to 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thickness. Stainless steel grades include 304/304L, 316/316, and 321.
ASTM A409/A409M-Standard Specification for Welded Large Diameter Austenitic Steel Pipe for Corrosive or High-Temperature Service
This specification covers straight seam or spiral seam electric-fusion-welded, light-wall, austenitic chromium-nickel alloy steel pipe for corrosive or high-temperature service. The sizes covered are NPS 14 to 30 with extra light (Schedule 5S) and light (Schedule 10S) wall thicknesses. Table X1 shows the wall thickness of Schedule 5S and 10S pipe. Pipe having other dimensions may be furnished provided such pipe complies with all other requirements of this specification.
Heat Treatment:
Except as provided in ‘point A.2’, all pipes shall be furnished in the heat-treated condition. For H grades and S30815, separate solution heat treatments are required for solution annealing; in-process heat treatments are not permitted as a substitute for the separate solution heat treatments. The heat-treatment procedure shall consist of heating the material to a minimum temperature of 1900 °F [1040 °C], except for S31254, S31266, and S30815 which shall be heat treated to 2100 °F [1150 °C] and 1920 °F [1050 °C] respectively, S31727 and S32053 which shall be heat treated in the range 1975 to 2155 °F [1080 to 1180 °C], S34565 which shall be heat treated in the range 2050 °F [1120 °C] to 2140 °F [1170 °C], and N08367, which shall be heated to a minimum temperature of 2025 °F [1107 °C], all materials to be followed by quenching in water or rapidly cooling by other means.
The purchase order shall specify a final heat-treatment temperature under 1900 °F [1040 °C]. Each pipe supplied under this requirement shall be stenciled with the final heat-treatment temperature in degrees Fahrenheit or degrees Celsius after the suffix “HT.” Controlled structural or special service characteristics may be specified as a guide for the most suitable heat treatment.
A solution annealing temperature above 1950 °F [1065 °C] may impair the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent exposure to sensitizing conditions in TP321, TP347, and TP348. When specified by the purchaser, a lower temperature stabilization or re-solution anneal shall be used subsequent to the initial high-temperature solution anneal.
Grain Size:
The grain size for all H grades and S30815 shall be No. 7 or coarser when determined according to ASTM E112 Test Methods.
Chemical Composition :
Several grades of alloy steel shall be covered and shall conform to the required chemical composition for carbon, manganese, phosphorus, sulfur, silicon, nickel, chromium, molybdenum, titanium, columbium, cerium, and other elements. The chemical composition of the welding filler metal shall also conform to the requirements of the applicable AWS specification for the corresponding grade.
| UNS DesignationsA | C, max | Mn, max | P, max | S, max | Si | Ni | Cr | Mo | Ti | Cb | Ce | Other Elements | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TP201 | S20100 | 0.15 | 5.5–7.5 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 3.5–5.5 | 16.0–18.0 | … | … | … | … | N 0.25 |
| TP201LN | S20153 | 0.03 | 6.4–7.5 | 0.045 | 0.015 | 0.75 | 4.0–5.0 | 16.0–17.5 | … | … | … | … | N 0.10–0.25, Cu 1.00 |
| TP304 | S30400 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 8.0–11.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … | … | … |
| TP304L | S30403 | 0.035 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 8.0–12.0 | 18.0–20.0 | … | … | … | … | … |
| TP309Cb | S30940 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 12.0–16.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | … | Cb 10×C min, 1.10 max | |
| TP309S | S30908 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 12.0–15.0 | 22.0–24.0 | … | … | … | ||
| TP310Cb | S31040 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 19.0–22.0 | 24.0–26.0 | … | … | … | Cb 10×C min, 1.10 max | |
| TP310S | S31008 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 19.0–22.0 | 24.0–26.0 | … | … | … | ||
| TP316 | S31600 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 10.0–14.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … | … | |
| TP316L | S31603 | 0.035 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 10.0–14.0 | 16.0–18.0 | 2.0–3.0 | … | … | … | … |
| TP317 | S31700 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 11.0–15.0 | 18.0–20.0 | 3.0–4.0 | … | … | … | … |
| … | S31727 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 14.5–16.5 | 17.5–19.0 | 3.8–4.5 | … | … | … | N 0.15–0.21 Cu 2.8–4.0 |
| … | S32053 | 0.03 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.00 max | 24.0–26.0 | 22.0–24.0 | 5.0–6.0 | … | … | … | N 0.17–0.22 |
| TP321 | S32100 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 9.00–12.0 | 17.0–20.0 | … | B | … | … | … |
| TP347 | S34700 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 9.00–12.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | C | … | … |
| TP348 | S34800 | 0.08 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 9.00–12.0 | 17.0–19.0 | … | … | D | … | … |
| … | S31254 | 0.02 | 1.0 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 0.80 max | 17.5–18.5 | 19.5–19.5 | 6.0–6.5 | … | … | … | Cu 0.50–1.00 N 0.18–0.25 |
| … | S30815 | 0.05–0.10 | 0.8 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.40–2.00 | 10.0–12.0 | 20.0–22.0 | … | … | … | 0.03–0.08 | N 0.14–0.20 |
| … | S31725 | 0.03 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 13.5–17.5 | 18.0–20.0 | 4.0–5.0 | … | … | … | N 0.020 max |
| … | S31726 | 0.03 | 2.0 | 0.045 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 14.5–17.5 | 17.0–20.0 | 4.0–5.0 | … | … | … | N 0.10–0.20 |
| … | S34565 | 0.03 | 5.0–7.0 | 0.03 | 0.01 | 1.00 max | 16.0–18.0 | 23.0–25.0 | 4.0–5.0 | … | 0.1 max | … | N 0.40–0.60 |
| … | N08367 | 0.03 | 2.0 | 0.04 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 23.5–25.5 | 20.0–22.0 | 6.0–7.0 | … | … | … | Cu 0.75 max Ni 0.18–0.25 |
| … | S20400 | 0.03 | 7.0–9.0 | 0.45 | 0.03 | 1.00 max | 1.50–3.00 | 15.0–17.0 | … | … | … | … | N 0.15–0.30 |
| … | S31266 | 0.03 | 2.0–4.0 | 0.035 | 0.02 | 1.00 max | 21.0–24.0 | 23.0–25.0 | 5.2–6.2 | … | … | … | Cu 1.00–2.50 W 1.50–2.50 N 0.35–0.60 |
Tensile Requirements
Tensile properties of the plate or sheet used in making the pipe shall conform to the prescribed values of tensile strength and yield strength. Mechanical tests such as tension test and transverse guided-bend weld test shall be conducted. Pressure or nondestructive electric test shall also be performed.
| Grade | UNS Designation | Tensile Strength, min, ksi [MPa] | Yield Strength, min, ksi [MPa] |
|---|---|---|---|
| TP201 | S20100 | 75 [515] | 38 [260] |
| TP201LN | S20153 | 95 [655] | 45 [310] |
| TP304 | S30400 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP304L | S30403 | 70 [485] | 25 [170] |
| TP309Cb | S30940 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP309S | S30908 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP310Cb | S31040 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP310S | S31008 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP316 | S31600 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP316L | S31603 | 70 [485] | 25 [170] |
| TP317 | S31700 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| … | S31727 | 80 [550] | 36 [245] |
| … | S32053 | 93 [640] | 43 [295] |
| TP321 | S32100 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP347 | S34700 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| TP348 | S34800 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| … | S31254 | 94 [650] | 44 [300] |
| … | S30815 | 87 [600] | 45 [310] |
| … | S31725 | 75 [515] | 30 [205] |
| … | S31726 | 80 [550] | 35 [240] |
| … | S34565 | 115 [795] | 60 [415] |
| … | S20400 | 95 [655] | 48 [330] |
| … | N08367 | ||
| t ≤ 0.187 | 100 [690] | 44 [310] | |
| t > 0.187 | 95 [655] | 45 [310] | |
| … | S31266 | 109 [750] | 61 [420] |